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Valeri Farmer-Dougan, Ph.D.Associate Professor in the Departments ofPsychology and Biological Sciences Illinois State University |
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MOTIVATIONPSY 364, Section 2Spring, 2000Dr. Val Farmer-DouganSTUDY GUIDE FOR TEST 1 |
| TERMS TO KNOW: | ESSAY QUESTIONS: |
| Composition of the Test: | Questions? Email me |
| Empiricism vs common sense
Psychology as a science
Behaviorism view of causation Mediationist view of causation Biological/evolutionary causation Case Study Correlational method Experimental methods Hedonism (Thrasymachus) Motivation as judgement (Socrates) Descartes and Dualism view Reflex Arc and its importance British Empiricism/Assoc.'s Tabula Rasa (blank slate) Kant and Causality/Understanding Darwins Basic idea of Evolution 3 key ideas in evolution evolutionary psychology explain "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny" James-Lange theory of motivation Cannon's theory of drive Papez Circuit/Kluver-Bucy syndrome Dimensional approach to emotion Discrete emotion theories 8 basic emotions ritualization of emotions/display rules Definition of drive Homeostasis Negative Feedback loop/system Local sign theories Cannon's balloon experiment Intracellular thirst Extracellular thirst Double Depletion hypothesis Satiation of thirst Voluntary dehydration Hypothalamus and homeostasis 4F's of the hypothalamus VMH and LMH lesions Glucostatic theory of hunger Diabetes and Glucostatic Theory Peripheral factors in hunger Long term weight regulation Set points External controls of hunger Innate factors in feeding Social factors in feeding Experiential factors in feeding Role of socialization in feeding Feeding vs hunger Hormones Lordosis Effects of hormones and Castration Pheramones Visual stimuli and sex arousal Learned vs innate stimuli in sex touch in sexual arousal internal modulation of sex. alliesthesia role of learning in sex behavior cultural influences in sex behav. Tracking engaging in commerce butt-brush conversion rate interception rate |
1. What is motivation? Define motivation from your book and notes, then define it in your own words.
2. Compare and contrast the a)behavioral view of causation; b) the mediationist view of causation and c) the biological/evolutionary view of causation.
3. Distinguish between a case study, correlation method, and experimental method approaches to research. When might each be used? What are the strengths/weaknesses of each?
4. How do hedonism (Thrasymachus), motivation as judgement/ethics (Socrates), Descartes' dualist view and the British Empiricist argument agree and disagree? Are any of the views "most" correct? Why or why not?
5. Describe Darwin's three key ideas in evolution. Describe Freud's Id, Ego, and Superego. Even though these theories are very different, why might they both be considered homeostatic in nature?
6. Describe Darwin's basic theory of evolution. Describe how evolutionary psychology has extended Darwin's theory to apply to behavior, and specifically human behavior. Now, critique this extension: Are there problems with extending the theory to behavior (if so, what are they), and what cautions might you give to evolutionary psychologists?
7. Define and describe a homeostatic system. Why is homeostasis such an important concept in motivation?
8. What is a "drive"? Compare and contrast three theories of drive. Which do you think is the "right" theory (support your answer with evidence!)?
9. Define arousal. What is the role of arousal for motivation?
10. Why do organisms get thirsty? Why do they stop drinking?
11. Distinguish between local and central theories of hunger and thirst. Which factors are more important? Is either theory completely correct?
12. What controls the initiation of hunger? What controls the satiation of hunger?
13. How do people learn, or do they inherit, what, when, where and how to eat? That is, are there social factors in feeding, and if so, what might those be?
14. Is sex a consummatory behavior? Why or why not? Defend your answer with evidence from the book and notes.
15. Does castration eliminate sexual behavior? Why or why not?
16. Describe stimulus factors, including both learned and unlearned, that might affect social arousal. How important are these factors to sexual behavior?
17. How does an organism choose a mate? That is, for humans, what might be
"good" characteristics of a mate? Do we succomb to variables such as the smell
or the looks of a person, or are we more influenced by cognitive factors such as
intelligence, personality, etc.? Defend your answer with evidence from the book and notes.
18. Is rape an act of sexual behavior, or an act of aggression? Support your answer with
evidence from the book and notes.
19. Compare and contrast Lorenz's hydraulic theory of aggression with the catharsis hypothesis of aggression. Which is more accurate, if any?
20. Why do people shop? Based upon your readings from the first section of Why we Buy, describe what we know about shopping and shoppers.
21. Why does sex sell commodities? Based upon your knowledge of shopping AND sexual behavior, explain why sex sells!
8 short definitions (from the terms to know): 5 points each for 40 points.
4 compare/contrast (from the terms to know): 10 points each for 40 points.
1 essay chosen from 2 taken directly from this study guide: 20 points.
= 100 points total
