PSY 111-01: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

                                                                                                               Fall, 2006

                                                                                                Dr. Valeri Farmer-Dougan

                                                                                              STUDY GUIDE FOR TEST 4

TERMS TO KNOW FROM LECTURE AND BOOK:

 Social Psychology (Chapter 13)

social psychology                    imp. of physical appearance          social schema                          stereotype       

self-fulfilling prophecy               prejudice                                      discrimination                            attribution                                

external attribution                    internal attribution                            fundamental attirubiton error      conformity

dispositional attiributions           situational attirubtion                        by-stander intervention             group think                           

actor-observer effect                 Attitude                                         elaboration likelihood model    cognitive dissonance               

authoritarian personality                  self-perception theory              social facilitation                          social interference                   

diffusion of responsibility               bystander effect                        social loafing                              deindividuation                        

group polarization                        Milgram experiment               

Stress (Chapter 16):

Alarm Stage                                             Resistance Stage                                     Exhaustion Stage    

Signs and symptoms of stress                  Coping Strategies                                    Gen. Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Cognitive appraisal                                  external vs internal sources of stress         physical consequences of stress

Psychological consequences of stress    

Psychopathology  and Therapy (Chapter 14, 15)

DSM-IV                                   Anxiety disorders                     Social phobias                        Generalized Anxiety               

Panic disorders                       Agoraphobia                            Simple phobias                      Obessive/Complsve dis          

Post traumatic stress               Somatoform disorders              Somatization  disorder             Hypochondriasis     
Conversion Disorder               Dissociative Disorders              Psychogenic Amnesia             Pychogenic fugue   
Multiple personality                 Personality disorders               Mood disorders                       symptoms of depression          

simple depression                  acute depression                     depressive stupor                    mania      

reactive depression                endogenous depression          Bipolar disorder                       Symptoms of bipolar  
Schizophrenia                         primary schiz symptoms          second schiz symptoms          disturbances of thought    
delusions of granduer              delusions of persecution           somatic delusions                     delusions of influence

delusions of reference            delusions of nihilism                  Perception Disturbances          Hallucinations   
Loosening of assoc’s              word salad                               clang associations                    neologisms                              

loss of affect                            mutism                                    echolalia                                  Cataonic Schizophrenic  
Hebaphrenic Schiz.                 Paranoid schizophrenic           Undifferentiated Schiz                Residual schizophrenic    
clinical psychologists                counseling psychologists          Psychiatrist                               Psychoanalyst        

Psychiatric Soc. Worker                                                                        Psychiatric nurse                     Types of therapy                     cognitive therapy                     behavior therapy    

psychoanalytic therapy                                      humanistic therapy                   resistance                                transferebce                             catharsis                 

Qualities of therapists                                        genuineness in therapy           empathetic understanding        Active listening                       surgical treatments

POTENTIAL ESSAY QUESTIONS:

1. Explain, using a social psychology perspective, why we might pay more attention to world troubles that affect westernized or more westernized countries like Bosnia or Iraq than countries such as Sudan and Somalia. Hint: include a discussion of diffusion of responsibility and in-group versus out-groups.

2. Define a stressor in your life. Is it an internal or external stressor, or both? What kinds of cognitive appraisals do you make about this stressor? What are some positive coping mechanisms to deal with this stressor?

3. Define dispositional versus situational attributions. Describe a situation in which an individual might make a 1) dispositional attribution about themselves; 2) a dispositional attribution about others; 3) a situational attribution about themselves; and 4) a situational attribution about others.

4. What exactly is mental illness?  How do a) society; and b) the psychiatric and psychological communities define mental illness?  Are these two definitions compatible?  Why or why not?

5. Susan is a young, 20-year old college student.  She has come to you for therapy because you are a well-known and experienced clinical psychologist.  She says she is experiencing an increasing general feeling of dread, is often overcome by a feeling of intense fear, and even feels as if she is being smothered whenever she attempts to attend her large lecture class, the cafeteria, or any open public place.  Lately, Susan is spending more and more time in her room, refusing to come out even for meals.  What is the probable diagnosis, and how could you treat Susan?

6. You, again the famous clinical psychologist, are reviewing cases at a large state mental hospital.  The following patient, Fred, is seen standing in a corner, whispering to himself in a sort of rhyming way.  When you attempt to interview him, he asks you if you mind if he continues to wear his helmet (which of course YOU can't see) because it is the only way that he can screen out the incoming Klingon messages as he engages in discourse with you.  He also asks to see your ID, because he is highly suspicious that you are really an FBI G-man come to investigate his allegiance with Brittany Spears. His words appear on a surface level to make sense, but you notice that they often rhyme, and he steers his conversation around homonyms and metaphors.  Also, either he has a really large vocabulary, and you have a small one, or he is using highly "unusual" words.  What is Fred’s probable diagnosis, and based upon what symptoms did you decide this?

7. Compare and contrast bipolar disorder with unipolar affective disorders.  What are the distinguishing characteristics of each?

8. Compare and contrast schizophrenia with multiple personality disorder.

9. Define somatization disorders. Give an example and describe three types of these disorders. 

10. Define personality disorders.  Choose a person you know (or even yourself) and describe a personality disorder they may have.  Is this person "mentally ill"- or just weird?  When do personality disorders become a mental illness?

11. Define obsessive-compulsive disorders.  Distinguish between an obsession and a compulsion, and give an example of each.  How are these disorders usually treated?

12. Describe posttraumatic stress disorder and how this could be a symptom displayed by soldiers returning from Afganistan and Irag, among other hostile areas. Is this a “new” disorder, or an old disorder? What is the recommended treatment?

13. This has been a long semester.  Hopefully you have learned some new things about psychology as a science, as a means of helping people, and as an area you want to study more about.  What are the three most important facts, theories, or ideas you have learned about in this class, and why?