RELATIVE PRONOUNS V REVIEW
Explanations and exercises for Individual Relative Pronouns: Relative Pronouns I (dont, ce dont) Relative Pronouns II (que, ce que, qui, ce qui, dont, ce dont) Relative Pronouns III (à + qui, à + lequel, à quoi) Relative Pronouns IV (preposition + qui/lequel)
A. The antecedent is a noun:
NOTE 1: Replace "dont" with "duquel," etc. if the antecedent does not immediately precede the relative pronoun and if "duquel," etc. specifies the antecedent through gender or number.
NOTE 2: If the relative pronoun is the object of a preposition other than "de" and if the antecedent signifies a person, one can also use preposition + lequel, instead of preposition + qui, if this relative pronoun specifies the antecedent through gender or number.
Examples: Il prendra la cuiller qui est sur la table. Il prendra la cuiller que tu as vue. Il prendra le livre dont nous avons parlé. Il prendra le livre auquel je m'intéresse (sur lequel je compte) Il verra la personne à qui je m'intéresse (avec qui je me marie). Il verra la fille de Paul de laquelle j'ai parlé. Il verra la fille de Paul à laquelle j'ai pensé.
B. The antecedent is a clause or there is no antecedent:
NOTE: If the relative pronoun is the object of a preposition other than "de" and if the relative pronoun is located at the beginning of the sentence, "celui" or "ce" are obligatory.
Examples: Il prendra ce qui (what) est sur la table. Il partira tôt, ce qui (which) nous plaira. Il prendra ce que (what) tu as vu. Il discutera ce dont nous avons parlé (what we spoke about). Il te dira à qui (in whom) je m'intéresse. Celui à qui je m'intéresse (the one I am interested in), c'est lui. Il te dira (ce) sur quoi je comptes (what I am counting on). Ce sur quoi je comptes, c'est ta participation.
C. "whose x":
Examples: Elle a vu l'officier dont la voiture se trouvait devant la gare. Elle a vu l'officier dont j'a volé la voiture.
Exercise I. Translate the Words in parentheses. When the main verb is in a past tense, the verb in the relative clause must be in one of the four tenses permissible for indirect discourse in the past: pluperfect, imperfect, or conditional (present or past)): Click for verbs taking a direct object or verbs with their prepositions
1. Il m'a décrit la ville ______________________________. (that we would pass through) 2. Nous avons vu le monument________________________________. (in which he had entered)
3. Elle parlait du jeune homme__________________________________ (whom she (had) married)
4. Le vieillard_______________________________ s'était enfui. (whom you were counting on)
5. L'autobus _____________________________ ne s'est pas arrêté. (which you were running after)
Click for verbs taking a direct object or verbs with their prepositions Elle m'a dit: 6. ...what she was counting on.
7. ...whom Jeanne would arrive with.
8. ...what you feared
9. ...what you were thinking about.
10. ...whom you had obeyed.
Click for verbs taking a direct object or verbs with their prepositions 11. ...what pleased you.
12. ...what you wanted.
13. What I am working with is my hammer (le marteau).
14. I am interested in the countries you were speaking about. 15. We are thinking about the leaders (les chefs) that we trust. Click for verbs taking a direct object or verbs with their prepositions 16. We will read the letter that you wrote. 17. She will give you the gift (le cadeau) that will make (rendre) you happy. 18. Tell me about the conference you attended (assister). 19. Listen to what he is saying.
20. He talked to the woman whose dress is red.
Click for verbs taking a direct object or verbs with their prepositions 21. We admired the house whose gardens you tended (entretenir).
22. Reread the essay whose paragraphs you promised to rewrite.
23. It is John whose son is brilliant.
VERB + DIRECT OBJECT? or VERB + PREPOSITION? Verbe + object direct vouloir qqch promettre qqch écouter qqch écrire qqch récrire qqch relire qqch
Verbe + de + complément parler de avoir peur de
Verbe + à + complément penser à qqn/qqch assister à qqch plaire à qqn se fier à qqn/qqch obéir à qqn Verbe + Prép + complément compter sur qqn/qqch passer par (un endroit) entrer dans (un endroit) courir après qqn/qqch se marier avec qqn
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